Product Details
N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS#68-12-2
Dimethylformamide is a flammable, colorless liquid with a fishy, unpleasant, amine-like odor at relatively low concentrations. The odor threshold is 0.47‑100 ppm. Molecular weight = 73.11; Specific gravity (H2O:1) = 0.95; Boiling point = 153℃; Freezing/Melting point = -61℃; Vapor pressure = 3 mmHg at 20℃; Flash point = 58℃; Autoignition temperature = 444.5℃. Explosive limits are: LEL = 2.2%; UEL = 15.2% at 100℃. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA‑704 M Rating System): Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0. Soluble in water.
Potential Exposure: Tumorigen, Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data; Hormone, Primary Irritant. DMFA is used as a solvent for liquids, gases, and as a gasoline additive. Dimethylformamide has powerful solvent properties for a wide range of organic compounds. Because of its physical properties, this chemical has been used when solvents with a slow rate of evaporation are required. It finds particular usage in the manufacture of polyacrylic fibers, butadiene, purified acetylene, pharmaceuticals, dyes, petroleum products, and other organic chemicals.
N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
| Melting point | -61 °C (lit.) |
| alpha | 0.94 º |
| Boiling point | 153 °C (lit.) |
| density | 0.944 g/mL (lit.) |
| vapor density | 2.5 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 2.7 mm Hg (20 °C) |
| refractive index | n20/D 1.430(lit.) |
| Fp | 136 °F |
| storage temp. | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| solubility | water: miscible |
| pka | -0.44±0.70(Predicted) |
| form | liquid |
| color | APHA: ≤15 |
| Appearance | colorless liquid |
| PH | 7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Odor | Faint, ammonia-like odor detectable at 100 ppm |
| Relative polarity | 0.386 |
| Odor Threshold | 1.8ppm |
| explosive limit | 2.2-16%(V) |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| λmax | λ: 270 nm Amax: 1.00 λ: 275 nm Amax: 0.30 λ: 295 nm Amax: 0.10 λ: 310 nm Amax: 0.05 λ: 340-400 nm Amax: 0.01 |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Merck | 14,3243 |
| BRN | 605365 |
| Exposure limits | NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), IDLH 500 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 10 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 ppm (adopted). |
| Dielectric constant | 36.71 |
| InChI | 1S/C3H7NO/c1-4(2)3-5/h3H,1-2H3 |
| InChIKey | ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | [H]C(=O)N(C)C |
| LogP | -1.010 |
| Surface tension | 35.20mN/m at 298.15K; 37.1mN/m at 20°C |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 68-12-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-(68-12-2) |
| IARC | 2A (Vol. 47, 71, 115) 2018 |
| EPA Substance Registry System | N,N-Dimethylformamide (68-12-2) |
Safety Information
| Item | Details |
| Hazard Codes | T |
| Risk Statements | 61-20/21-36 |
| Safety Statements | 53-45 |
| OEB | A |
| OEL | TWA: 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) [skin] |
| RIDADR | UN 2265 3/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | LQ2100000 |
| F | 3-10 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 445 °C |
| Hazard Note | Toxic |
| TSCA | TSCA listed |
| HazardClass | 3 |
| PackingGroup | III |
| HS Code | 29241990 |
| Storage Class | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| Hazard Classifications | Acute Tox. 4 Dermal; Acute Tox. 4 Inhalation; Eye Irrit. 2; Flam. Liq. 3; Repr. 1B |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 68-12-2(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 in mice, rats (ml/kg): 6.8, 7.6 orally; 6.2, 4.7 i.p. (Bartsch) |
| IDLA | 500 ppm |
Product Application Of N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS#68-12-2
The principal applications of N,N-dimethylformamide are as a solvent and as an extractant, particularly for salts and compounds with high molecular mass. This role is consistent with its interesting combination of physical and chemical properties: low molecular mass, high dielectric constant, electron-donor characteristics, and ability to form complexes. The use of DMF as a component in synthesis is of relatively minor significance, at least commercially. N,N-Dimethylformamide (anhydrous) has been used as solvent for the synthesis of cytotoxic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) conjugate AN-152 (a chemotherapeutic drug) and fluorophore C625 [4-(N,N-diphenylamino)-4′-(6-O-hemiglutarate)hexylsulfinyl stilbene]. It may be employed as solvent medium for the various organic reduction reactions.
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