Product Details
N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS#68-12-2
Dimethylformamide is a flammable colorless liquid with a fishy, unpleasant amine-like odor at relatively low concentrations. The odor threshold ranges 0.47–100 ppm. It has a molecular weight of 73.11, specific gravity (H₂O=1) of 0.95, boiling point of 153℃, freezing/melting point of -61℃, vapor pressure of 3 mmHg at 20℃, flash point of 58℃, and autoignition temperature of 444.5℃. Explosive limits at 100℃ are LEL 2.2% and UEL 15.2%. Hazard identification based on NFPA-704 M Rating System: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0. It is soluble in water. Potential exposure hazards: tumorigen, mutagen, reproductive effector, supported by human data, hormone disruptor, and primary irritant. DMFA is used as a solvent for liquids and gases, and as a gasoline additive. Dimethylformamide shows strong dissolving capacity for a wide range of organic compounds. Due to its physical properties, it is chosen for applications requiring slow-evaporating solvents. It is widely used in manufacturing polyacrylic fibers, butadiene, purified acetylene, pharmaceuticals, dyes, petroleum products, and other organic chemicals.
Properties
| Item | Value |
| Melting point | -61 °C (lit.) |
| alpha | 0.94 º |
| Boiling point | 153 °C (lit.) |
| density | 0.944 g/mL (lit.) |
| vapor density | 2.5 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 2.7 mm Hg (20 °C) |
| refractive index | n20/D 1.430(lit.) |
| Fp | 136 °F |
| storage temp. | Store at +5°C to +30°C |
| solubility | water: miscible |
| pka | -0.44±0.70(Predicted) |
| form | liquid |
| color | APHA: ≤15 |
| Appearance | colorless liquid |
| PH | 7 (200g/l, H₂O, 20℃) |
| Odor | Faint, ammonia-like odor detectable at 100 ppm |
| Relative polarity | 0.386 |
| Odor Threshold | 1.8ppm |
| explosive limit | 2.2-16%(V) |
| Water Solubility | soluble |
| λmax | λ: 270 nm Amax: 1.00λ: 275 nm Amax: 0.30λ: 295 nm Amax: 0.10λ: 310 nm Amax: 0.05λ: 340-400 nm Amax: 0.01 |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Merck | 14,3243 |
| BRN | 605365 |
| Exposure limits | NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), IDLH 500 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 10 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 ppm (adopted) |
| Dielectric constant | 36.71 |
| InChIKey | ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | -1.010 |
| Surface tension | 35.20mN/m at 298.15K37.1mN/m at 20°C |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 68-12-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-(68-12-2) |
| IARC | 2A (Vol. 47, 71, 115) 2018 |
| EPA Substance Registry System | N,N-Dimethylformamide (68-12-2) |
Safety Information
| Item | Value |
| Hazard Codes | T |
| Risk Statements | 61-20/21-36 |
| Safety Statements | 53-45 |
| RIDADR | UN 2265 3/PG 3 |
| OEB | A |
| OEL | TWA: 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) [skin] |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | LQ2100000 |
| F | 3-10 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 445 °C |
| Hazard Note | Toxic |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HazardClass | 3 |
| PackingGroup | III |
| HS Code | 29241990 |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 68-12-2(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 in mice, rats (ml/kg): 6.8, 7.6 orally; 6.2, 4.7 i.p. (Bartsch) |
| IDLA | 500 ppm |
Product Application of N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS#68-12-2
N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is a clear liquid widely used in industries as a solvent, additive, or intermediate, owing to its full miscibility with water and most common organic solvents. Dimethylformamide solutions are applied to process polymer fibers, films, and surface coatings; enable smooth spinning of acrylic fibers; produce wire enamels; and act as a crystallization medium in the pharmaceutical industry.
DMF can also be used for formylation with alkyllithium or Grignard reagents. It serves as a reagent in Bouveault aldehyde synthesis and the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction, and works as a catalyst in acyl chloride synthesis. It is used to separate and refine crude materials from olefin gas. Mixed with methylene chloride, DMF acts as a varnish or lacquer remover. It is also used in manufacturing adhesives, fibers, and films.
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